India

Nuclear-armed state

Possesses 164 nuclear weapons

Has not yet joined the TPNW

Status

India has not yet signed or ratified the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW).

 

National position

India has consistently voted against an annual UN General Assembly resolution since 2018 that welcomes the adoption of the TPNW and calls upon all states to sign, ratify, or accede to it “at the earliest possible date”.

In 2023, India noted that “it did not participate in the negotiations on the TPNW, therefore will not become a party to the treaty, and shall not be bound by any of the obligations that arise from it”. It added that, in its view, the treaty “does not constitute or contribute to the development of any customary international law”.

A message projected onto the UN headquarters in New York in 2022 calls on India to join the TPNW. Photo: ICAN

 

Nuclear-weapon programme

India possesses approximately 164 nuclear weapons, which it can launch from missiles and, most likely, aircraft. It may also be able to launch them from submarines. India conducted a total of three nuclear tests in 1974 and 1998.

In 2022, India spent an estimated US$2.7 billion to build and maintain its nuclear forces.

 

TPNW negotiations

India did not participate in the negotiation of the TPNW at the United Nations in New York in 2017 and thus did not vote on its adoption.

In 2016, India abstained from voting on the UN General Assembly resolution that established the formal mandate for states to commence negotiations on “a legally binding instrument to prohibit nuclear weapons, leading towards their total elimination”.

ICAN campaigners criticise the decision of nuclear-armed states, including India, to boycott the TPNW negotiations in 2017. Photo: ICAN

 

Further information

Nuclear Weapons Ban Monitor

Nuclear-armed state

Possesses 164 nuclear weapons

Has not yet joined the TPNW

[HIGHLIGHTS]

Status

India has not yet signed or ratified the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW).

 

National position

India has consistently voted against an annual UN General Assembly resolution since 2018 that welcomes the adoption of the TPNW and calls upon all states to sign, ratify, or accede to it “at the earliest possible date”.

In 2023, India noted that “it did not participate in the negotiations on the TPNW, therefore will not become a party to the treaty, and shall not be bound by any of the obligations that arise from it”. It added that, in its view, the treaty “does not constitute or contribute to the development of any customary international law”.

A message projected onto the UN headquarters in New York in 2022 calls on India to join the TPNW. Photo: ICAN

 

Nuclear-weapon programme

India possesses approximately 164 nuclear weapons, which it can launch from missiles and, most likely, aircraft. It may also be able to launch them from submarines. India conducted a total of three nuclear tests in 1974 and 1998.

In 2022, India spent an estimated US$2.7 billion to build and maintain its nuclear forces.

 

TPNW negotiations

India did not participate in the negotiation of the TPNW at the United Nations in New York in 2017 and thus did not vote on its adoption.

In 2016, India abstained from voting on the UN General Assembly resolution that established the formal mandate for states to commence negotiations on “a legally binding instrument to prohibit nuclear weapons, leading towards their total elimination”.

ICAN campaigners criticise the decision of nuclear-armed states, including India, to boycott the TPNW negotiations in 2017. Photo: ICAN

 

Further information

Nuclear Weapons Ban Monitor

[PARTNERS]

Indian Doctors for Peace and Development

website


Indian Institute for Peace, Disarmament and Environmental Protection

website


Popular Education and Action Centre

website


South Asian Democratic Union

NADAM FOUNDATION

website


Poovulagin Nanbargal

website


Youth for Peace International

website


Coalition for Nuclear Disarmament and Peace (CNDP)

website

[LOCALSUPPORT]

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  • Indian Doctors for Peace and Development

    website

  • Indian Institute for Peace, Disarmament and Environmental Protection

    website

  • Popular Education and Action Centre

    website

  • South Asian Democratic Union
  • NADAM FOUNDATION

    website

  • Poovulagin Nanbargal

    website

  • Youth for Peace International

    website

  • Coalition for Nuclear Disarmament and Peace (CNDP)

    website