Mexico is a signatory of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and has signed and ratified the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), being one of the 44 listed countries needed to sign and ratify for the CTBT to enter into force.

The National Commission for Nuclear Energy (CNEN) was established in 1956. Electricity generation is the responsibility of the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE). In early 1969 CFE invited bids for a 600 MW nuclear power plant. General Electric was awarded the contract in 1972, with construction of the Laguna Verde power plant beginning in 1975. Two 654 boiling water reactors (BWR's) were built at the site, with unit 1 completed in 1990 and unit 2 in April 1995.

The last national energy plan does not envisage the construction of any more nuclear power plants.

Read the profile on Mexico from the Model Nuclear Inventory (pdf), produced by the Reaching Critical Will project of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.